Macrophages are the most abundant immune cells within the synovial joints, and also the
main innate immune effector cells triggering the initial inflammatory responses in the …

Novel effective treatment is direly needed for patients with pancreatic ductal
adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Therapeutics that target the driver mutations, especially the KRAS …

The APOE4 allele is the strongest genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD).
The contribution of microglial APOE4 to AD pathogenesis is unknown, although APOE has …

The biological processes that are disrupted in the Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain remain
incompletely understood. In this study, we analyzed the proteomes of more than 1,000 brain …

The transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signaling events are well known to control diverse
processes and numerous responses, such as cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis …

The transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) family of growth factors control the development
and homeostasis of most tissues in metazoan organisms. Work over the past few years has …

The recent identification of the SMAD family of signal transducer proteins has unravelled the
mechanisms by which transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signals from the cell membrane …

Articular cartilage is a load‐bearing tissue playing a crucial mechanical role in diarthrodial
joints, facilitating joint articulation, and minimizing wear. The significance of biomechanical …

In human tissues, normal homeostasis requires intricately balanced interactions between
cells and the network of secreted proteins known as the extracellular matrix. These …

Microglia phenotypes are highly regulated by the brain environment, but the transcriptional
networks that specify the maturation of human microglia are poorly understood. Here, we …