Birds show interspecific variation both in the size of the fields of individual eyes and in the
ways that these fields are brought together to produce the total visual field. Variation is found …

How are the complex maps for orientation selectivity (OS) created in the primary visual
cortex (V1)? Rodents and rabbits have a random distribution of OS preferences across V1 …

Species that are highly reliant on their visual system have a specialized retinal area
subserving high-acuity vision, eg, the fovea in humans. Although of critical importance for …

Abstract Urban Heat Island (UHI) is related to the theory of higher atmosphere and surface
temperature taking place in the city area as compared to the nearby rural areas. The study …

Many species of fish rely on their visual systems to interact with conspecifics and these
interactions can lead to collective behavior. Individual-based models have been used to …

Avian species vary in their visual system configuration, but previous studies have often
compared single visual traits between two to three distantly related species. However, birds …

Topographic maps that illustrate variations in the density of different neuronal sub-types
across the retina are valuable tools for understanding the adaptive significance of retinal …

Swallows are a unique group of songbirds because they are active-pursuit predators that
execute all aspects of hunting prey in flight: search, detection, pursuit, and capture. We show …

Vultures are highly reliant on their sensory systems for the rapid detection and localization of
carrion before other scavengers can exploit the resource. In this study, we compared eye …

Birds of prey, also collectively known as raptors, consist of the Falconiformes (falcons and
caracaras), Accipitriformes (eagles, buzzards, hawks, kites, and Old World vultures) …