Warming amplification over the Arctic Pole (AP hereafter) and Third Pole (Tibetan Plateau,
TP hereafter) can trigger a series of climate responses and have global consequences …

The Arctic has warmed more than twice as fast as the global average since the late twentieth
century, a phenomenon known as Arctic amplification (AA). Recently, there have been …

This chapter assesses the state of physical, biological and social knowledge concerning the
Arctic and Antarctic ocean and cryosphere, how they are affected by climate change, and …

The possibility that Arctic sea ice loss weakens mid-latitude westerlies, promoting more
severe cold winters, has sparked more than a decade of scientific debate, with apparent …

The decline of Arctic sea ice is an integral part of anthropogenic climate change. Sea-ice
loss is already having a significant impact on Arctic communities and ecosystems. Its role as …

Northern midlatitudes, over central Eurasia in particular, have experienced frequent severe
winters in recent decades,–. A remote influence of Arctic sea-ice loss has been …

Permafrost degradation poses serious threats to both natural and human systems through its
influence on ecological–hydrological processes, infrastructure stability, and the climate …

Polar amplification–the phenomenon where external radiative forcing produces a larger
change in surface temperature at high latitudes than the global average–is a key aspect of …

The Arctic is warming and melting at alarming rates. Within the lifetime of a Millennial, the
volume of ice floating on the Arctic Ocean has declined by at least half. The pace of Arctic …

Observations show that deep Arctic winter warming, extending from surface to mid‐
troposphere, has concurred with below‐average temperature over central Eurasia. Modeling …