Pollination syndromes, recurring suites of floral traits appearing in connection with specific
functional pollinator groups, have served for decades to organise floral diversity under a …

The concept of evolvability emerged in the early 1990s and soon became fashionable as a
label for different streams of research in evolutionary biology. In evolutionary quantitative …

Heritable variation is a prerequisite for evolutionary change, but the relevance of genetic
constraints on macroevolutionary timescales is debated. By using two datasets on fossil and …

Understanding the causes and limits of population divergence in phenotypic traits is a
fundamental aim of evolutionary biology, with the potential to yield predictions of adaptation …

The degree to which developmental biases affect trait evolution is subject to much debate.
Here, we first quantify fluctuating asymmetry as a measure of developmental variability, ie …

Integration and modularity refer to the patterns and processes of trait interaction and
independence. Both terms have complex histories with respect to both conceptualization …

Morphological allometry refers to patterns of covariance between body parts resulting from
variation in body size. Whether measured during growth (ontogenetic allometry), among …

Most existing methods for modeling trait evolution are univariate, although researchers are
often interested in investigating evolutionary patterns and processes across multiple traits …

Mutation enables evolution, but the idea that adaptation is also shaped by mutational
variation is controversial,,,. Simple evolutionary hypotheses predict such a relationship if the …

The allometric relationship between brain and body size among vertebrates is often
considered a manifestation of evolutionary constraints. However, birds and mammals have …