Spoken language exists because of a remarkable neural process. Inside a speaker's brain,
an intended message gives rise to neural signals activating the muscles of the vocal tract …

Highlights•State feedback control (SFC) model is described for speech motor control.•SFC
explains auditory suppression/enhancement depending on motor predictions.•SFC explains …

It has been almost two decades since the first globally tracking convergent adaptive
controllers were derived for robot with dynamic uncertainties. However, the problem of …

Auditory feedback during speech production is known to play a role in speech sound
acquisition and is also important for the maintenance of accurate articulation. In two studies …

Learning is commonplace in organisms such as ourselves and even in organisms as far
distant as the bee and the octopus. Such learning is implemented by brains, or neuronal …

Here, we review the role of control theory in modeling neural control systems through a top-
down analysis approach. Specifically, we examine the role of the brain and central nervous …

Accurate control of body posture is enforced by a multitude of corrective actions operating
over a range of time scales. The earliest correction is the short-latency reflex (SLR) which …

Little is known about the basic processes underlying the behavior of singing. This
experiment was designed to examine differences in the representation of the map** …

Traditional definitions of focal dystonia point to its motor component, mainly affecting
planning and execution of voluntary movements. However, focal dystonia is tightly linked …

Judgment of the location of a previously viewed moving or stationary target is often
displaced in the direction of implied gravitational attraction, and this has been referred to as …