Energy-efficient desalination and water treatment technologies play a critical role in
augmenting freshwater resources without placing an excessive strain on limited energy …

Membrane-based separations for water purification and desalination have been
increasingly applied to address the global challenges of water scarcity and the pollution of …

Graphene oxide membranes show exceptional molecular permeation properties, with
promise for many applications 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. However, their use in ion sieving and …

Desalination membranes are essential for the treatment of unconventional water sources,
such as seawater and wastewater, to alleviate water scarcity. Promising research efforts on …

Capacitive deionization (CDI), which is based on the electrosorption of ions by porous
electrodes, is an emerging technology for brackish water desalination. Understanding the …

Water scarcity, expected to become more widespread in the coming years, demands
renewed attention to freshwater protection and management. Critical to this effort are the …

Ultrafast molecular separation (UMS) membranes are highly selective towards active
organic molecules such as antibiotics, amino acids and proteins that are 0.5–5 nm wide …

Access to clean water resource continues to be the most urgent and pressing global issue
where hiking economic and ecological needs have urged for more water-efficient …

In recent years, forward osmosis (FO) hybrid membrane systems have been investigated as
an alternative to conventional high-pressure membrane processes (ie reverse osmosis …

Minimal and zero liquid discharge (MLD/ZLD) are wastewater management strategies that
are attracting heightened attention worldwide. While conventional reverse osmosis (RO) has …