Carotenoids are isoprenoid metabolites synthesized de novo in all photosynthetic
organisms. Carotenoids are essential for plants with diverse functions in photosynthesis …

Increase in demand for our primary foodstuffs is outstrip** increase in yields, an
expanding gap that indicates large potential food shortages by mid-century. This comes at a …

Solar fuel production often starts with the energy from light being absorbed by an assembly
of molecules; this electronic excitation is subsequently transferred to a suitable acceptor. For …

We review the mechanism underlying nonphotochemical chlorophyll fluorescence
quenching (NPQ) and its role in protecting plants against photoinhibition. This review …

Increasing the yield potential of the major food grain crops has contributed very significantly
to a rising food supply over the past 50 years, which has until recently more than kept pace …

Photosynthetic organisms are crucial for life on Earth as they provide food and oxygen and
are at the basis of most energy resources. They have a large variety of light-harvesting …

Photoprotection of photosystem II (PSII) is essential to avoid the light-induced damage of the
photosynthetic apparatus due to the formation of reactive oxygen species (= photo-oxidative …

During photosynthesis, the plant photosystem II core complex receives excitation energy
from the peripheral light-harvesting complex II (LHCII). The pathways along which excitation …

Sunlight damages photosynthetic machinery, primarily photosystem II (PSII), and causes
photoinhibition that can limit plant photosynthetic activity, growth and productivity. The extent …

The photophysical and photochemical reactions, after light absorption by a photosynthetic
pigment–protein complex, are among the fastest events in biology, taking place on …