Scale formation is one of the major issues in the petroleum industry. The development of
these scale layers could result in production losses and equipment instability because of …

The energy problem has been a matter of some concern worldwide over the past 20 years.
On the opposite side of energy production, energy loss is another crucial problem of current …

Kinetic hydrate inhibitors (KHIs) have been used in the upstream petroleum industry for
about 25 years to prevent plugging of flow lines with gas hydrates. The main ingredients in …

This Review presents a comprehensive literature review of an important class of kinetic
hydrate inhibitors (KHIs) that is based on cyclic amides (lactams). The major aspects of the …

Nanotechnology has grown rapidly in both research and applications over the past two
decades including in the upstream petroleum industry. A recent hot area for studying …

Anti-scaling is one key problem in various industrial productions. The coating technology is
the most effective protection method for metals and pipelines. As a good scale inhibitor …

Inorganic salt precipitation is one of the main problems in oilfield operations. Different factors
affect scale formation and inhibition. Calcium sulfate scale formation occurs during …

The petroleum industry has strived for several years to explore environmentally friendly
scale inhibitors with no acute environmental impact. Well-known industrial biodegradable …

Scaling is one of the most frequently stated problems in the oil industry, and scale inhibitors
(SIs) are applied to prevent its formation. Organophosphonates are well-known types of SIs …

A novel environmentally friendly scale inhibitor was synthesized by the free radical
polymerization of itaconic acid (IA), acrylamide (AM), and sodium p-styrene sulfonate (SSS) …