Glaciers and ice sheets, like other biomes, occupy a significant area of the planet and
harbour biological communities with distinct interactions and feedbacks with their physical …

The cycling of carbon on Earth exerts a fundamental influence upon the greenhouse gas
content of the atmosphere, and hence global climate over millennia. Until recently, ice …

Glaciers cover∼ 10% of the Earth's land surface, but they are shrinking rapidly across most
parts of the world, leading to cascading impacts on downstream systems. Glaciers impart …

The global retreat of glaciers is dramatically altering mountain and high-latitude landscapes,
with new ecosystems develo** from apparently barren substrates,,–. The study of these …

Dust particles from high latitudes have a potentially large local, regional, and global
significance to climate and the environment as short-lived climate forcers, air pollutants, and …

Snow or glacial algae are found on all continents, and most species are in the
Chlamydomonadales (Chlorophyta) and Zygnematales (Streptophyta). Other algal groups …

Antarctica plays a central role in regulating global climatic and oceanographic patterns and
is an integral part of global climate change discussions. The functioning of Antarctica's …

Increasing investigations explore the effects of plastic pollutants on bacterial communities,
diversity, and functioning in various ecosystems. However, the impact of microplastics (MPs) …

Microorganisms in cold ecosystems play a key ecological role in their natural habitats. Since
these ecosystems are especially sensitive to climate changes, as indicated by the worldwide …

Glacier ecosystems are teeming with life on, beneath, and to a lesser degree, within their icy
masses. This conclusion largely stems from polar research, with less attention paid to …