A surface is said to be isotropic in wettability when the contact angles measured in all
direction are identical. On the contrary, once a surface shows distinct contact angles in …

Most materials of practical interest are neither completely wetting nor completely non-
wetting.“Surface wettability” then refers to the degree that a surface is hydrophilic (ie water …

Bioinspired smart functional surfaces have received increasing attention in recent years
owed to their tunable wettability and enhanced droplet transport suggesting them as …

Spontaneous directional transportation of droplets on solid surfaces driven by structure
gradients has attracted much attention due to its large-scale applications, such as heat …

Highly adherent wettability patterns on the substrate-independent superhydrophobic
surfaces of trimethoxyoctadecylsilane modified titanium dioxide (TiO2)-based coatings were …

We introduce multi-gradients including Laplace pressure gradient, wettable gradient and
wettable different gradient on a high adhesion surface via special wedge-pattern and …

Controllable directional transport of droplets is ubiquitous in nature and essential in many
practical applications, which is based on disparity of physical structures and surface energy …

The materials with an ability to control the movement of droplet via wettable gradient surface
have attracted significant interest as they hold promising applications in microfluidics, 1 …

Directional fluid dynamics has garnered increasing attention because of its extensive
applications in diverse fields including water harvesting, anti-icing, and microfluidic …

Due to the increasing human mortality caused by natural disasters and traffic accidents, the
development of smart traffic warning systems is urgent. The first smart indicator for traffic …