Water, a necessary component of cell protoplasm, plays an essential role in supporting life
on Earth; nevertheless, extreme changes in climatic conditions limit water availability …

Drought stress, being the inevitable factor that exists in various environments without
recognizing borders and no clear warning thereby hampering plant biomass production …

Drought and salinity are among the most important environmental factors that hampered
agricultural productivity worldwide. Both stresses can induce several morphological …

Plants are often exposed to unfavorable environmental conditions, for instance abiotic
stresses, which dramatically alter distribution of plant species among ecological niches and …

Anthropogenic activities in the past and present eras have created global warming and
consequently a storm of drought stress, affecting both plants and animals. Being sessile …

Heavy metal pollution in soil is a global problem with serious impacts on human health and
ecological security. Phytoextraction in phytoremediation, in which plants uptake and …

Climate change has devastating effects on plant growth and yield. During ontogenesis,
plants are subjected to a variety of abiotic stresses, including drought and salinity, affecting …

Phytohormones are ubiquitously involved in plant biological processes and regulate cellular
signaling pertaining to unheralded environmental cues, such as salinity, drought, extreme …

In the past and present, human activities have been involved in triggering global warming,
causing drought stresses that affect animals and plants. Plants are more defenseless …

Drought is a serious threat to the farming community, biasing the crop productivity in arid
and semi-arid regions of the world. Drought adversely affects seed germination, plant …