BACKGROUND Biological dinitrogen (N2) fixation, the reduction of atmospheric N2 to
ammonia, is important for maintaining the fertility of the oceans by providing biologically …

Nitrogen (N) is used in many of life's fundamental biomolecules, and it is also a participant in
environmental redox chemistry. Biogeochemical processes control the amount and form of N …

Marine diazotrophs convert dinitrogen (N 2) gas into bioavailable nitrogen (N), supporting
life in the global ocean. In 2012, the first version of the global oceanic diazotroph database …

Abstract Subtropical gyres cover 26%–29% of the world's surface ocean and are
conventionally regarded as ocean deserts due to their permanent stratification, depleted …

Biodiversity of phytoplankton is important for ecosystem stability and marine
biogeochemistry. However, the large-scale patterns of diversity are not well understood and …

Iron is an essential nutrient that regulates productivity in~ 30% of the ocean. Compared with
deep (> 2000 meter) hydrothermal activity at mid-ocean ridges that provide iron to the …

Phytoplankton form the basis of the marine food web and are responsible for approximately
half of global carbon dioxide (CO2) fixation (∼ 50 Pg of carbon per year). Thus, these …

Nitrogen (N) is a key element for life in the oceans. It controls primary productivity in many
parts of the global ocean, consequently playing a crucial role in the uptake of atmospheric …

We report a new synthesis of best estimates of the inputs of fixed nitrogen to the world ocean
via atmospheric deposition and compare this to fluvial inputs and dinitrogen fixation. We …

The global nitrogen (N) cycle at the beginning of the 21st century has been shown to be
strongly influenced by the inputs of reactive nitrogen (N r) from human activities, including …