Integrated crop-livestock systems (ICLS) can be productive, sustainable, and climate-
resilient agricultural systems compared to specialized and intensive systems. This review …

Due to the scarcity of alternative organic amendments, the retention of crop residue in fields
can be considered key in promoting physical, chemical, and biological attributes of soil …

Livestock play a significant role in rural livelihoods and the economies of develo**
countries. They are providers of income and employment for producers and others working …

The largest livestock production and greatest fertilizer use in the world occurs in China.
However, quantification of the nutrient flows through the manure management chain and …

African farming systems are highly heterogeneous: between agroecological and
socioeconomic environments, in the wide variability in farmers' resource endowments and in …

Livestock are a global resource of significant benefits to society in the form of food, income,
nutrients, employment, insurance, traction, clothing and others. In the process of providing …

Manure has been used as a fertilizer since ancient times and if well-managed it can be an
asset, promoting sustainable agriculture, and increasing crop production, particularly for …

The increasing demand for food from limited available land, in light of declining soil fertility
and future threats of climate variability and change have increased the need for more …

African mixed crop–livestock systems are vulnerable to climate change and need to adapt in
order to improve productivity and sustain people's livelihoods. These smallholder systems …

This document represents the culmination of a major effort to synthesize and update
available knowledge on the control of ammonia emissions from agriculture to the …