Abrupt forest disturbances generating gaps> 0.001 km2 impact roughly 0.4–0.7 million km2
a− 1. Fire, windstorms, logging, and shifting cultivation are dominant disturbances; minor …

Small-scale gap disturbance in forests is reviewed. Caused by the death of individual or
multiple trees with subsequent fall from the canopy, gaps have been extensively studied in …

Tree-ring dating (dendrochronology) is a method of scientific dating based on the analysis of
tree-ring growth patterns. As author James Speer notes, trees are remarkable bioindicators …

Tree rings provide an invaluable long‐term record for understanding how climate and other
drivers shape tree growth and forest productivity. However, conventional tree‐ring analysis …

Tree‐rings offer one of the few possibilities to empirically quantify and reconstruct forest
growth dynamics over years to millennia. Contemporaneously with the growing scientific …

A novel dendroecological procedure was developed to elucidate canopy disturbances
spanning a> 300‐yr period for oak (Quercus) forests of central Pennsylvania. Running …

The frequency of natural disturbances and their influence on the forest landscape mosaic
were investigated on three large tracts of primary forest in Upper Michigan. Seventy 0.5—ha …

Over the last decade the field of tropical dendroecology has developed rapidly and major
achievements have been made. We reviewed the advances in three main themes within the …

The study of wildfires has proved to be an effective system in which to work out the models
and methods for studying disturbance frequency. Fire frequency is an estimate of the …

As silvicultural objectives have changed over the last several decades, managers are
increasingly designing cutting regimes that mimic natural disturbance with the hopes that …