Alternative oxidase (AOX) is a non-energy conserving terminal oxidase in the plant
mitochondrial electron transport chain. While respiratory carbon oxidation pathways …

Mitochondria produce ATP via respiratory oxidation of organic acids and transfer of
electrons to O2 via the mitochondrial electron transport chain. This process produces …

As plants are sessile organisms that have to attune their physiology and morphology
continuously to varying environmental challenges in order to survive and reproduce, they …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are continually generated as a consequence of the normal
metabolism in aerobic organisms. Accumulation and release of ROS into cell take place in …

Upon disturbance of their function by stress, mitochondria can signal to the nucleus to steer
the expression of responsive genes. This mitochondria-to-nucleus communication is often …

This review summarizes knowledge of alternative oxidase, a mitochondrial electron
transport chain component that lowers the ATP yield of plant respiration. Analysis of mutant …

The term retrograde signaling refers to the fact that chloroplasts and mitochondria utilize
specific signaling molecules to convey information on their developmental and physiological …

Articular cartilage damage is a universal health problem. Despite recent progress,
chondrocyte dedifferentiation has severely compromised the clinical outcomes of cell-based …

Plant tolerance to insect pests has been indicated to be a unique category of resistance,
however, very little information is available on the mechanism of tolerance against insect …

In the last decade, microarray studies have delivered extensive inventories of transcriptome-
wide changes in messenger RNA levels provoked by various types of oxidative stress in …