Background The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-2019) pandemic has swept all
over the world, posing a great pressure on critical care resources due to large number of …

Objective: To update and expand the 2013 Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management
of Pain, Agitation, and Delirium in Adult Patients in the ICU. Design:

Critical illness is often painful, both from the underlying source of illness, as well as
necessary procedures performed for the monitoring and care of these patients. Pain is often …

Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of slow deep breathing relaxation
exercise (SDBRE) in reducing patients' pain levels during chest tube removal (CTR) post …

Introduction Primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) is the presence of air in the pleural
space, occurring in the absence of trauma and known lung disease. Standardized expert …

Post-surgical chest tube removal (CTR) is associated with a significant pain and discomfort
for patients. Current treatment strategies for reducing CTR-associated pain and anxiety are …

Aim To determine the effect of cold therapy, music therapy and lidocaine spray on pain and
anxiety following chest tube removal (CTR). Methods This study was a randomized clinical …

Objectives: The aim of this article is to expose common myths and misconceptions regarding
pain assessment and management in critically ill patients that interfere with effective care …

Background: Chest tube removal is considered a painful technique, which may not respond
well to palliative therapies. There are no standard procedures or guidelines to manage the …

Background Chest tube removal is an extremely painful procedure and patients may not
respond well to palliative therapies. This study aimed to examine the effect of cold and music …