The inner ear of mammals consists of the cochlea, which is involved with the sense of
hearing, and the vestibule and three semicircular canals, which are involved with the sense …

Comparative auditory studies make it possible both to understand the origins of modern ears
and the factors underlying the similarities and differences in their performance. After all …

Background Variation is a naturally occurring phenomenon that is observable at all levels of
morphology, from anatomical variations of DNA molecules to gross variations between …

Chelonioid turtles are the only surviving group of reptiles that secondarily evolved marine
lifestyles during the Mesozoic Early chelonioid evolution is documented by fossils of their …

The traditional view that a tympanic middle ear developed only once, when vertebrates
made the transition from fish in water to land-living animals, has been shown to be incorrect …

Evolution of the cochlea and high-frequency hearing (> 20 kHz; ultrasonic to humans) in
mammals has been a subject of research for many years. Recent advances in …

The present paper describes a disarticulated skull of Allqokirus australis, a basal
sparassodont (Metatheria, Mammalia) from the early Palaeocene (c. 65 Ma.) of Tiupampa …

The cranial anatomy of the early non‐mammalian cynodont Galesaurus planiceps from the
South African Karoo Basin is redescribed on the basis of a computed tomographic …

The evolution of hearing in cetaceans is a matter of current interest given that odontocetes
(toothed whales) are sensitive to high frequency sounds and mysticetes (baleen whales) are …

The external anatomy of the petrosal, the bony labyrinth of the inner ear, and the stapes of
Brasilitherium riograndensis (specimen UFRGS-PV-1043-T) were investigated by digital 3D …