Toll-like receptor 4 in acute viral infection: Too much of a good thing
Although a well-regulated inflammatory response is a vital defense mechanism against viral
infection, too much inflammation can be detrimental. Excessive inflammatory responses …
infection, too much inflammation can be detrimental. Excessive inflammatory responses …
Activation of TLR4 by viral glycoproteins: A double-edged sword?
Recognition of viral infection by pattern recognition receptors is paramount for a successful
immune response to viral infection. However, an unbalanced proinflammatory response can …
immune response to viral infection. However, an unbalanced proinflammatory response can …
SARS-CoV-2 infection of pluripotent stem cell-derived human lung alveolar type 2 cells elicits a rapid epithelial-intrinsic inflammatory response
A hallmark of severe COVID-19 pneumonia is SARS-CoV-2 infection of the facultative
progenitors of lung alveoli, the alveolar epithelial type 2 cells (AT2s). However, inability to …
progenitors of lung alveoli, the alveolar epithelial type 2 cells (AT2s). However, inability to …
Designing a novel multi‑epitope vaccine against Ebola virus using reverse vaccinology approach
Ebola virus (EBOV) is a dangerous zoonotic infectious disease. To date, more than 25 EBOV
outbreaks have been documented, the majority of which have occurred in Central Africa …
outbreaks have been documented, the majority of which have occurred in Central Africa …
Molecular pathogenesis of viral hemorrhagic fever
The clinical syndrome referred to as viral hemorrhagic fever (VHF) can be caused by several
different families of RNA viruses, including select members of the arenaviruses …
different families of RNA viruses, including select members of the arenaviruses …
[HTML][HTML] Actionable cytopathogenic host responses of human alveolar type 2 cells to SARS-CoV-2
Human transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2),
causative pathogen of the COVID-19 pandemic, exerts a massive health and socioeconomic …
causative pathogen of the COVID-19 pandemic, exerts a massive health and socioeconomic …
A virus-specific monocyte inflammatory phenotype is induced by SARS-CoV-2 at the immune–epithelial interface
Infection by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) provokes a
potentially fatal pneumonia with multiorgan failure, and high systemic inflammation. To gain …
potentially fatal pneumonia with multiorgan failure, and high systemic inflammation. To gain …
Hemorrhagic fever viruses: Pathogenesis, therapeutics, and emerging and re-emerging potential
Hemorrhagic fever viruses (HFVs) pose a threat to global public health owing to the
emergence and re-emergence of highly fatal diseases. Viral hemorrhagic fevers (VHFs) …
emergence and re-emergence of highly fatal diseases. Viral hemorrhagic fevers (VHFs) …
Recombinant Lloviu virus as a tool to study viral replication and host responses
Next generation sequencing has revealed the presence of numerous RNA viruses in animal
reservoir hosts, including many closely related to known human pathogens. Despite their …
reservoir hosts, including many closely related to known human pathogens. Despite their …
Pathogenicity and Virulence of Ebolaviruses with Species-and Variant-specificity
Ebola virus (EBOV), belonging to the species Zaire ebolavirus in the genus Ebolavirus,
causes a severe febrile illness in humans with case fatality rates (CFRs) up to 90%. While …
causes a severe febrile illness in humans with case fatality rates (CFRs) up to 90%. While …