Earth's biodiversity and human societies face pollution, overconsumption of natural
resources, urbanization, demographic shifts, social and economic inequalities, and habitat …

Forests influence climate and mitigate global change through the storage of carbon in soils.
In turn, these complex ecosystems face important challenges, including increases in carbon …

Forest restoration is being scaled up globally to deliver critical ecosystem services and
biodiversity benefits; however, there is a lack of rigorous comparison of cobenefit delivery …

It is unequivocal that the increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4)
and nitrous oxide (N2O) since the pre-industrial period are caused by human activities. The …

We present an overview of the global spatiotemporal distribution of avian biodiversity,
changes in our knowledge of that biodiversity, and the extent to which it is imperilled. Birds …

Archaeological and paleoecological evidence shows that by 10,000 BCE, all human
societies employed varying degrees of ecologically transformative land use practices …

Abstract Nature‐based solutions (NbS)—solutions to societal challenges that involve
working with nature—have recently gained popularity as an integrated approach that can …

Executive Summary The Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use1 (AFOLU) sector
encompasses managed ecosystems and offers significant mitigation opportunities while …

China has increased its vegetation coverage and enhanced its terrestrial carbon sink
through ecological restoration since the end of the 20th century. However, the temporal …

Despite the looming land scarcity for agriculture, cropland abandonment is widespread
globally. Abandoned cropland can be reused to support food security and climate change …