The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has
caused a devastating pandemic. Although most people infected with SARS-CoV-2 develop …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are an evolutionarily conserved family in the innate immune
system and are the first line of host defense against microbial pathogens by recognizing …

Abstract The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2, continues to cause substantial morbidity …

COVID-19, which is caused by infection with SARS-CoV-2, is characterized by lung
pathology and extrapulmonary complications,. Type I interferons (IFNs) have an essential …

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a rare and severe condition that
follows benign COVID-19. We report autosomal recessive deficiencies of OAS1, OAS2, or …

SARS-CoV-2 infection is benign in most individuals but, in around 10% of cases, it triggers
hypoxaemic COVID-19 pneumonia, which leads to critical illness in around 3% of cases …

There are notable sex-based differences in immune responses to pathogens and self-
antigens, with female individuals exhibiting increased susceptibility to various autoimmune …

Abstract Pediatric Coronavirus Disease 2019 (pCOVID-19) is rarely severe; however, a
minority of children infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS …

Long COVID or post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC) is a clinical syndrome featuring
diverse symptoms that can persist for months following acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. The …

The host response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
infection can result in prolonged pathologies collectively referred to as post-acute sequalae …