Two of the most fascinating bacterial nanomachines—the broadly disseminated rotary
flagellum at the heart of cellular motility and the eukaryotic cell–puncturing injectisome …

Many motile bacteria use flagella for locomotion under a variety of environmental conditions.
Because bacterial flagella are under the control of sensory signal transduction pathways …

Bacterial chemotaxis requires bidirectional flagellar rotation at different rates. Rotation is
driven by a flagellar motor, which is a supercomplex containing multiple rings. Architectural …

Elucidation of both the three-dimensional structure and the dynamics of a protein is essential
to understand its function. Technical breakthroughs in single-particle analysis based on cryo …

The supercoiling of bacterial and archaeal flagellar filaments is required for motility.
Archaeal flagellar filaments have no homology to their bacterial counterparts and are …

Pseudomonas plecoglossicida is the pathogen responsible for visceral white spot disease in
large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) and orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus …

Many bacteria swim in liquids and move over solid surfaces by rotating flagella. The
bacterial flagellum is a supramolecular protein complex that is composed of about 30 …

Archaea use a molecular machine, called the archaellum, to swim. The archaellum consists
of an ATP-powered intracellular motor that drives the rotation of an extracellular filament …

Amongst the major types of archaeal filaments, several have been shown to closely
resemble bacterial homologues of the Type IV pili (T4P). Within Sulfolobales, member …

Delivering short trains of electric pulses to the muscles and nerves can elicit action
potentials resulting in muscle contractions. When the stimulations are sequenced to …