The traditional two-dimensional (2D) in vitro cell culture system (on a flat support) has long
been used in cancer research. However, this system cannot be fully translated into clinical …

Breast cancer exhibits the highest global incidence among all tumor types. Regardless of
the type of breast cancer, metastasis is a crucial cause of poor prognosis. Anoikis, a form of …

Mammalian organs are challenging to study as they are fairly inaccessible to experimental
manipulation and optical observation. Recent advances in three-dimensional (3D) culture …

Most modern studies of cancer have focused on the disease from a genetic perspective.
However, cancer also involves biochemical alterations, including the adaptation of …

Dynamic remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) is essential for development, wound
healing and normal organ homeostasis. Life-threatening pathological conditions arise when …

Tumors are like new organs and are made of multiple cell types and components. The tumor
competes with the normal microenvironment to overcome antitumorigenic pressures. Before …

Cells comprising a tissue migrate as part of a collective. How collective processes are
coordinated over large multi-cellular assemblies has remained unclear, however, because …

Tumors are characterized by extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling and stiffening. The
importance of ECM remodeling to cancer is appreciated; the relevance of stiffening is less …

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women and a leading cause of cancer-related
deaths for women worldwide. Various cell models have been developed to study breast …

Normal epithelial cells require matrix attachment for survival, and the ability of tumour cells
to survive outside their natural extracellular matrix (ECM) niches is dependent on acquisition …