Tremendous strides have been made in our understanding of the neurobiological substrates
of memory–the so-called memory “engram”. Here, we integrate recent progress in the …

BACKGROUND The idea that memory is stored as enduring changes in the brain dates
back at least to the time of Plato and Aristotle (circa 350 BCE), but its scientific articulation …

The ability to form precise, episodic memories develops with age, with young children only
able to form gist-like memories that lack precision. The cellular and molecular events in the …

Hippocampal activity is critical for spatial memory. Within a fixed, familiar environment,
hippocampal codes gradually change over timescales of days to weeks—a phenomenon …

Little is understood about how engrams, sparse groups of neurons that store memories, are
formed endogenously. Here, we combined calcium imaging, activity tagging, and …

Astrocytes respond to neuronal activity and were shown to be necessary for plasticity and
memory. To test whether astrocytic activity is also sufficient to generate synaptic potentiation …

In contextual fear conditioning, experimental subjects learn to associate a neutral context
with an aversive stimulus and display fear responses to a context that predicts danger …

Stroke induces a plastic state in the brain. This period of enhanced plasticity leads to the
sprouting of new axons, the formation of new synapses and the remap** of sensory-motor …

Recent studies suggest that a shared neural ensemble may link distinct memories encoded
close in time,,,,,,,,,,,. According to the memory allocation hypothesis,, learning triggers a …

The amygdala has long been associated with emotion and motivation, playing an essential
part in processing both fearful and rewarding environmental stimuli. How can a single …