Accumulating evidence suggests that epigenetic alterations play an important role in
chemically-induced carcinogenesis. Although the epigenome and genome may be equally …

The etiology of the majority of human cancers is associated with a myriad of environmental
causes, including physical, chemical, and biological factors. DNA damage induced by such …

INTRODUCTION AND HISTORICAL CONTEXT oxicologic research and toxicity testing
conducted and inter preted by toxicologists constitute the scienti c core o an important …

Transposable elements (TEs) comprise a group of repetitive sequences that bring positive,
negative, as well as neutral effects to the host organism. Earlier considered as “junk DNA,” …

DNA damage appears to be a fundamental problem for life. In this chapter we review evi‐-
dence indicating that DNA damages are a major primary cause of cancer. DNA damages …

Background: Characterizing variability in the extent and nature of responses to
environmental exposures is a critical aspect of human health risk assessment. Objective …

Atrazine (ATR) is a pesticide widely used for controlling weeds for crop production. Crop
contamination with ATR negatively affects crop growth and development. This study …

Tumorigenesis, a complex and multifactorial progressive process of transformation of normal
cells into malignant cells, is characterized by the accumulation of multiple cancer-specific …

Lead (Pb) is a pollutant commonly found in the environment, despite the implementation of
public health policies intended to remove it. Due to its chemical characteristics as a divalent …

Hepatocytes derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) hold great promise
as an in vitro liver model by virtue of their unlimited long-term supply, stability and …