In this paper we present a comprehensive review of ionic polymer metal composite (IPMC)
covering fundamentals of IPMC; from fabrication processes to control and applications …

Recently, researchers have concentrated on studying ionic polymer metal composite (IPMC)
artificial muscle, which has numerous advantages including a relatively large strain under …

As the characteristic size of a flying robot decreases, the challenges for successful flight
revert to basic questions of fabrication, actuation, fluid mechanics, stabilization, and power …

Up to this point, researchers working to artificially re-create hovering insect flight have not
demonstrated an integrated micromechanical device that is able to lift its own weight …

In this paper, we study the thrust performance of a biomimetic robotic swimmer that uses
ionic polymer–metal composite (IPMC) as a flexible actuator in viscous and inertial flow, for …

Bioinspired soft ionic actuators, which exhibit large strain and high durability under low input
voltages, are regarded as prospective candidates for future soft electronics. However, due to …

This paper presents the design, fabrication and experimental characterization of a flap valve
ionic polymer–metal composite (IPMC) micropump, the diaphragm of which is supported by …

A model of ionic polymer--metal composite actuators in underwater operations Page 1 Smart
Materials and Structures A model of ionic polymer–metal composite actuators in underwater …

Ionic polymer metal composites (IPMCs) are active materials that exhibit a bidirectional
electromechanical coupling. An IPMC is an electrolytic polymer membrane that is plated by …

An ionic polymer metal composite (IPMC) is a porous charged polymer saturated with an
electrolytic solvent and plated by two metallic electrodes. A voltage difference across the …