In this review, we report recent progress in the field of supercooled water. Due to its
uniqueness, water presents numerous anomalies with respect to most simple liquids …

The hypothesis that water has a second critical point at deeply supercooled conditions was
formulated to provide a thermodynamically consistent interpretation of numerous …

Rare events are processes that occur upon the emergence of unlikely fluctuations. Unlike
what their name suggests, rare events are fairly ubiquitous in nature, as the occurrence of …

The possible existence of a metastable liquid–liquid transition (LLT) and a corresponding
liquid–liquid critical point (LLCP) in supercooled liquid water remains a topic of much …

The first-order phase transition between two tetrahedral networks of different density—
introduced as a hypothesis to account for the anomalous behaviour of certain …

Two or more liquid states may exist even for single-component substances, which is known
as liquid polymorphism, and the transition between them is called liquid–liquid transition …

The origin of water's anomalies has been a matter of long-standing debate. A two-state
model, dating back to Röntgen, relies on the dynamical coexistence of two types of local …

When an ice crystal is born from liquid water, two key changes occur:(i) The molecules order
and (ii) the mobility of the molecules drops as they adopt their lattice positions. Most …

Over the last decade, an increasing body of evidence has emerged, supporting the
existence of a metastable liquid–liquid critical point in supercooled water whereby two …

We investigate the intricate relationship among temperature, pH, and Brownian velocity in a
range of differently sized upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) dispersed in water. These …