Cancer stands as a prominent contributor to global mortality rates, necessitating immediate
attention toward the exploration of its treatment options. Extracellular vesicles have been …

Cancer is a complex deadly disease that has caused a global health crisis in recent epochs.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common malignant gastrointestinal disease. It has …

An immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment strongly influences response rates in
patients receiving immune checkpoint blockade-based cancer immunotherapies, such as …

Plant-derived exosomes (PDEs) are natural extracellular vesicles (EVs). In the current
decade, they have been highlighted for cancer therapeutic development. Cancer is a global …

Drug resistance presents a significant challenge to achieving positive clinical outcomes in
anti-tumor therapy. Prior research has illuminated reasons behind drug resistance, including …

As a biological carrier, exosomes participate in the communication between various kinds of
cells, and can mediate the interactive 'dialogue'between tumor cells and tumor-associated …

Recently, stem cells and their secretomes have attracted great attention in biomedical
applications, particularly extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs are secretomes of cells for cell-to …

Over the past decades, cancer immunotherapy has encountered challenges such as
immunogenicity, inefficiency, and cytotoxicity. Consequently, exosome-based cancer …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a pivotal role in intercellular communication and have been
implicated in cancer progression. Hypoxia, a pervasive hallmark of cancer, is known to …

Background: Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are important immunocytes
associated with liver metastasis of colorectal cancer (CRLM). However, the molecular …