Abstract The Early-Middle Pleistocene transition (c. 1.2–0.5 Ma), sometimes known as the
'mid-Pleistocene revolution', represents a major episode in Earth history. Low-amplitude 41 …

While investigating the genetic structure in wild bonobos, 1 we realized that the widely
accepted scenario positing that the Pleistocene appearance of the Congo River separated …

Human ability to manipulate fire and the landscape has increased over evolutionary time,
but the impact of this on fire regimes and consequences for biodiversity and …

Marked by a progressive increase in the amplitude of climate oscillations, an evolving
waveform, and a shift towards a quasi-100 ky frequency, the Early–Middle Pleistocene …

Wetlands perform many essential ecosystem services—carbon storage, flood control,
maintenance of biodiversity, fish production, and aquifer recharge, among others—services …

Lake sediments in 10 Ethiopian, Kenyan, and Tanzanian rift basins suggest that there were
three humid periods at 2.7 to 2.5 million years ago (Ma), 1.9 to 1.7 Ma, and 1.1 to 0.9 Ma …

Paleotemperature proxy data form the cornerstone of paleoclimate research and are integral
to understanding the evolution of the Earth system across the Phanerozoic Eon. Here, we …

The dominant forcing factors for past large-scale changes in vegetation are widely debated.
Changes in the distribution of C4 plants—adapted to warm, dry conditions and low …

Long eccentricity (400-kyr) cycles in carbon isotope records from the Pacific and Atlantic
oceans and the Mediterranean sea of the past 5.0 Ma are compared. All records show …

Morphological, molecular, and biogeographic data bearing on early primate evolution
suggest that the clade containing extant (or 'crown') strepsirrhine primates (lemurs, lorises …