Over the last three decades, mitochondrial DNA has been the most popular marker of
molecular diversity, for a combination of technical ease‐of‐use considerations, and …

Approximately 600-bp sequences of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) have been designated as
“DNA barcodes” and have become one of the most contentious and animated issues in the …

Exchange of homologous sequences between mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) molecules is
thought to be absent in animals, primarily because of a failure to observe clear cases of …

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is a pivotal tool in molecular ecology, evolutionary and
population genetics. The power of mtDNA analyses derives from a relatively high mutation …

Many bivalvian mollusks have a sperm-transmitted mitochondrial genome (M), along with
the standard egg-transmitted one (F). The phenomenon, known as doubly uniparental …

Large pelagic vertebrates pose special conservation challenges because their movements
generally exceed the boundaries of any single jurisdiction. To assess the population …

Abstract The last glacial maximum (20 000–18 000 years ago) dramatically affected extant
distributions of virtually all northern European biota. Locations of refugia and postglacial …

Genetic connectivity and geographic fragmentation are two opposing mechanisms
determining the population structure of species. While the first homogenizes the genetic …

Recombination in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) remains a controversial topic. Here we
present a survey of 279 animal mtDNA data sets, of which 12 were from asexual species …

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) recombination has been observed in several animal species,
but there are doubts as to whether it is common or only occurs under special circumstances …