Extinction serves as the leading theoretical framework and experimental model to describe
how learned behaviors diminish through absence of anticipated reinforcement. In the past …

Science fiction notions of altering problematic memories are starting to become reality as
techniques emerge through which unique memories can be edited. Here we review memory …

The locus coeruleus norepinephrine (LC-NE) system plays a broad role in learning and
memory. Here we begin with an overview of the LC-NE system. We then consider how both …

Research in nonhuman animals suggests that reactivation can induce a transient, unstable
state in a previously consolidated memory, during which the memory can be disrupted or …

Recent prospective studies in emergency services have identified impaired fear extinction
learning and memory to be a significant predictor of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) …

Behavioral strategies to enhance fear extinction may provide powerful clinical applications
to further maximize the efficacy of exposure-based interventions. However, future …

Avoidance is a key symptom of anxiety disorders. Maladaptive avoidance impairs general
functioning acutely and maintains chronic anxiety. A better understanding of the …

The discovery that fear memories may change upon retrieval, a process referred to as
memory reconsolidation, opened avenues to develop a revolutionary new treatment for …

Memory reconsolidation is the brain's natural, neural process that can produce
transformational change: the full, permanent elimination of an acquired behavior or …

Over the past decades, behaviour and cognitive psychology have produced fruitful and
mutually converging theories from which hypotheses could be derived on the nature and …