Abstract PEM (Polymer Electrolyte Membrane) fuel cells have the potential to reduce our
energy use, pollutant emissions, and dependence on fossil fuels. In the past decade …

In this comprehensive review, recent progress and developments on perfluorinated sulfonic-
acid (PFSA) membranes have been summarized on many key topics. Although quite well …

Abstract The 3D (three-dimensional) multi-phase CFD (computational fluid dynamics) model
is widely utilized in optimizing water and thermal management of PEM (proton exchange …

In this review,“cold start” is defined as the startup of proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel
cells from subfreezing temperatures. Problems occurring during the cold start pose some of …

Polymer-electrolyte fuel cells are a promising energy-conversion technology. Over the last
several decades significant progress has been made in increasing their performance and …

Polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells, which convert the chemical energy stored in
hydrogen fuel directly and efficiently to electrical energy with water as the only byproduct …

Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) has been recognized as a promising zero-
emission power source for portable, mobile and stationary applications. To simultaneously …

The ability to obtain a molecular-level understanding of the chemistry that takes place at
liquid/solid interfaces is key to the development and improvement of many chemical and …

Gas diffusion layer (GDL) is one of the critical components acting both as the functional as
well as the support structure for membrane–electrode assembly in the proton exchange …

Proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells are a promising candidate as the next-
generation power sources for portable, transportation, and stationary applications. Gas …