This work reviews an ionospheric activity indicator useful for identifying disturbed periods
affecting the performance of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS). This index is based …

This paper investigates the local and global ionospheric responses to the 2022 Tonga
volcano eruption, using ground‐based Global Navigation Satellite System total electron …

This paper presents observations of postsunset super plasma bubbles over China and
adjacent areas during the second main phase of a storm on 8 September 2017. The …

Abstract The International GNSS Service (IGS) has recently accepted for official release a
new ionospheric product to characterize ionospheric irregularity and intensity as derived …

We report first results on the study of the high‐latitude ionospheric irregularities observed in
worldwide GPS data during the St. Patrick's Day geomagnetic storm (17 March 2015) …

Ionospheric plasma bubbles of equatorial origin have never been registered at midlatitudes
in Europe. During the 22–23 June 2015 geomagnetic storm the prompt penetration electric …

Postsunset midlatitude traveling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs) and equatorial plasma
bubbles (EPBs) were simultaneously observed over American sector during the …

Abstract The 2015 St. Patrick's Day geomagnetic storm caused numerous disturbances of
the ionosphere, particularly, plasma irregularities, large‐scale traveling ionospheric …

As societal dependence on transionospheric radio signals grows, space weather impact on
these signals becomes increasingly important yet our understanding of the effects remains …

Abstract Global Positioning System (GPS) Precise Point Positioning (PPP) with correct fixing
ambiguity resolution (AR) can reach cm‐mm level positioning accuracy. However, this …