Background The COVID-19 pandemic has amplified the need for wide deployment of
effective harm reduction strategies in preventing opioid overdose mortality. Placing …

Importance With the implementation of Measure 110 (M110) in 2021, Oregon became the
first US state to decriminalize small amounts of any drug for personal use. To date, no …

Background Post-overdose outreach has emerged in the United States as an increasingly
common response to non-fatal overdose. This qualitative study investigates the …

Background Training law enforcement officers (LEOs) to administer naloxone is a
recommended strategy to reduce overdose deaths in the United States. To achieve this, an …

Police officers encounter individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD) during their routine
work and are often called to the scene of overdoses. Despite this frequency, officer …

Background As the overdose epidemic continues to worsen, nonfatal overdose calls for
service represent a critical touchpoint for intervention. While most studies have focused on …

Background US chiefs of police hold significant influence over the perceived acceptability
and appropriateness of interventions for opioid use disorder (OUD) among the public …

Executive Summary Every year, over 100,000 Americans die from drug overdoses, the
majority of which are caused by opioids like fentanyl. In Massachusetts, an estimated 2,125 …

Background This descriptive study examined suspected xylazine co-involvement in law
enforcement-recorded fentanyl overdoses in Pennsylvania (excluding Philadelphia) …

Background To inform the feasibility and acceptability of police practices related to
substance use, addiction, and overdose, we sought to better understand how US police …