Two-component systems (TCS) comprising sensor histidine kinases and response regulator
proteins are among the most important players in bacterial and archaeal signal transduction …

Two-component systems reprogramme diverse aspects of microbial physiology in response
to environmental cues. Canonical systems are composed of a transmembrane sensor …

Abstract The MPI Bioinformatics Toolkit (http://toolkit. tuebingen. mpg. de) is an open,
interactive web service for comprehensive and collaborative protein bioinformatic analysis. It …

Histidine kinases (HKs) are major players in bacterial signaling. There has been an
explosion of new HK crystal structures in the last 5 years. We globally analyze the structures …

α-Helical coiled coils were described more than 60 years ago as simple, repetitive structures
mediating oligomerization and mechanical stability. Over the past 20 years, however, they …

Perceiving environmental and internal information and reacting in adaptive ways are
essential attributes of living organisms. Two-component systems are relevant protein …

The superfamily of phytochrome (Phy) photoreceptors regulates a wide array of light
responses in plants and microorganisms through their unique ability to reversibly switch …

Regulatory proteins play a crucial role in adaptation to environmental cues. Especially for
lifestyle transitions, such as cell proliferation or apoptosis, switch-like characteristics are …

INTRODUCTION Microorganisms obtain most of the information about their environments
through membrane-associated signaling systems. One of the most abundant classes of …

Summary Two-component systems (TCSs), which comprise sensor histidine kinases (SHK)
and response-regulator proteins, represent the predominant strategy by which prokaryotes …