Subjective beliefs are crucial for economic inference, yet behavior can challenge the
elicitation. We propose that belief elicitation should be incentive compatible not only …

Expectations are a critical factor in determining actions in a great variety of economic
interactions. Hence, being able to measure beliefs is important in many economic …

We introduce a simple method for constructing a scoring rule to elicit an agent's belief about
a random variable that is incentive compatible irrespective of her risk-preference. The agent …

Incentivized methods for eliciting subjective probabilities in economic experiments present
the subject with risky choices that encourage truthful reporting. We discuss the most …

We introduce ambiguity in conjunction with risk to study the relation between risk, ambiguity,
and expected returns. Distinguishing between ambiguity and attitudes toward ambiguity, we …

We pit non‐incentivised introspection against five revealed preference mechanisms ('truth
serums') in the elicitation of beliefs in a simple two‐player game. We measure the additivity …

We document individuals' willingness to pay to control their own payoff. Experiment
participants choose whether to bet on themselves or on a partner answering a quiz question …

Proper Scoring Rules (PSRs) are popular incentivized mechanisms to elicit an agent's
beliefs. This paper combines theory and experiment to characterize how PSRs bias reported …

Subjective probabilities play a central role in many economic decisions and act as an
immediate confound of inferences about behavior, unless controlled for. Several procedures …

Ordering alternatives by their degree of ambiguity is crucial in economic and financial
decision-making processes. To quantify the degree of ambiguity, this paper introduces an …