Human impacts prior to the Industrial Revolution are not well constrained. We investigate
whether the decline in global atmospheric CO 2 concentration by 7–10 ppm in the late …

Time is divided by geologists according to marked shifts in Earth's state. Recent global
environmental changes suggest that Earth may have entered a new human-dominated …

2 Chapter 2 assesses observed large-scale changes in climate system drivers, key climate
indicators and 3 principal modes of variability. Chapter 3 considers model performance and …

Caption: Table A. 11. 2. Synthesis table summarising assessments presented in Tables 11.4-
11.21 for hot extremes (HOT EXT.), heavy precipitation (HEAVY PRECIP.), agriculture and …

We find that people revise their beliefs about climate change upward when experiencing
warmer than usual temperatures in their area. Using international data, we show that …

Earth's climate history is often understood by breaking it down into constituent climatic
epochs. Over the Common Era (the past 2,000 years) these epochs, such as the Little Ice …

Multidecadal surface temperature changes may be forced by natural as well as
anthropogenic factors, or arise unforced from the climate system. Distinguishing these …

Salinization, a widespread threat to the structure and ecological functioning of inland and
coastal wetlands, is currently occurring at an unprecedented rate and geographic scale. The …

Reproducible climate reconstructions of the Common Era (1 CE to present) are key to
placing industrial-era warming into the context of natural climatic variability. Here we present …

Abstract The Little Ice Age (LIA), which lasted from about 1250 to 1860 AD, was likely the
coldest period of the last 8000 years. Using new documentary data and analyses of alpine …