C3 is the central effector molecule of the complement system, mediating its multiple
functions through different binding sites and their corresponding receptors. We will introduce …

At least 468 individual genes have been manipulated by molecular methods to study their
effects on the initiation, promotion, and progression of atherosclerosis. Most clinicians and …

Complement factor H (CFH) negatively regulates consumption of complement component 3
(C3), thereby restricting complement activation. Genetic variants in CFH predispose to …

Insights into the important contribution of inflammation and immune functions in the
development and progression of atherosclerosis have greatly improved our understanding …

The activation of the complement cascade, a cornerstone of the innate immune response,
produces a number of small (74–77 amino acid) fragments, originally termed …

As one of the cornerstones of innate immunity, the complement system has long been
implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Growing evidence demonstrates the …

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death globally, and atherosclerosis is the
major contributor to the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases. Immune …

Background—Immunoglobulin M (IgM) natural antibodies bind oxidatively-modified low-
density lipoprotein (LDL) and apoptotic cells and have been implicated as being important …

Allergic diseases are allergen‐induced immunological disorders characterized by the
development of type 2 immunity and IgE responses. The prevalence of allergic diseases has …

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease and the complement system plays a
central role in innate immunity. Increasing evidence exists that the complement system is …