Over 500 natural and synthetic amino acids have been genetically encoded in the last two
decades. Incorporating these noncanonical amino acids into proteins enables many …

The de novo synthesis of genomes has made unprecedented progress and achieved
milestones, particularly in bacteria and yeast. However, the process of synthesizing a …

The Sc2. 0 project is building a eukaryotic synthetic genome from scratch. A major milestone
has been achieved with all individual Sc2. 0 chromosomes assembled. Here, we describe …

We describe construction of the synthetic yeast chromosome XI (synXI) and reveal the
effects of redesign at non-coding DNA elements. The 660-kb synthetic yeast genome project …

We lack tools to edit DNA sequences at scales necessary to study 99% of the human
genome that is noncoding. To address this gap, we applied CRISPR prime editing to insert …

Pioneering advances in genome engineering, and specifically in genome writing, have
revolutionized the field of synthetic biology, propelling us toward the creation of synthetic …

We describe the complete synthesis, assembly, debugging, and characterization of a
synthetic 404,963 bp chromosome, synIX (synthetic chromosome IX). Combined …

Careful consideration of how we approach design is crucial to all areas of biotechnology.
However, choosing or develo** an effective design methodology is not always easy as …

Synthetic genomics seeks to design and construct entire genomes to mechanistically dissect
fundamental questions of genome function and to engineer organisms for diverse …

De novo chromosome synthesis is costly and time-consuming, limiting its use in research
and biotechnology. Building synthetic chromosomes from natural components is an …