About 3/4 of all wild bee species nest in the soil and spend much of their life cycle
underground. These insects require suitable environmental conditions for nest construction …

Accelerating rates of environmental change and the continued loss of global biodiversity
threaten functions and services delivered by ecosystems. Much ecosystem monitoring and …

Managing agricultural landscapes to support biodiversity and ecosystem services is a key
aim of a sustainable agriculture. However, how the spatial arrangement of crop fields and …

Metacommunity ecology links smaller-scale processes that have been the provenance of
population and community ecology—such as birth-death processes, species interactions …

Research on urban insect pollinators is changing views on the biological value and
ecological importance of cities. The abundance and diversity of native bee species in urban …

Wild and managed bees are well documented as effective pollinators of global crops of
economic importance. However, the contributions by pollinators other than bees have been …

There is growing concern over tip** points arising in ecosystems because of the crossing
of environmental thresholds. Tip** points lead to abrupt and possibly irreversible shifts …

Worldwide, human appropriation of ecosystems is disrupting plant–pollinator communities
and pollination function through habitat conversion and landscape homogenisation …

Rising demands for agricultural products will increase pressure to further intensify crop
production, while negative environmental impacts have to be minimized. Ecological …

Biodiversity of insects is threatened worldwide. Here, we present a comprehensive review of
73 historical reports of insect declines from across the globe, and systematically assess the …