After more than a year of unrest, a small effusive eruption commenced in Fagradalsfjall,
Iceland, on 19 March 2021. The eruption lasted six months. The first six weeks were …

Increased rates of deformation and seismicity are well-established precursors to volcanic
eruptions, and their interpretation forms the basis for eruption warnings worldwide. Rates of …

Recent Icelandic rifting events have illuminated the roles of centralized crustal magma
reservoirs and lateral magma transport,,–, important characteristics of mid-ocean ridge …

Many examples of exposed giant dike swarms can be found where lateral magma flow has
exceeded hundreds of kilometers. We show that massive magma flow into dikes can be …

In the past 4000 years, three rifting episodes have occurred on the Reykjanes Peninsula
(RP, SW Iceland) at time intervals of about 800-1000 years, with the activation of four of the …

Lava fountains are a common manifestation of basaltic volcanism. While magma degassing
plays a clear key role in their generation, the controls on their duration and intermittency are …

Analyzing seismic data in a timely manner is essential for potential eruption forecasting and
early warning in volcanology. Here, we demonstrate that unsupervised machine learning …

In March 2021 an effusive eruption began at the Fagradalsfjall volcanic system in Iceland,
ending nearly 800 years of dormancy on the Reykjanes peninsula. The eruption produced …

Cyclic behaviour is observed in volcanic phenomena ranging from caldera collapses to
explosions, spattering or lava fountaining. The repeating processes can define irregular …

Following two periods of dike intrusion in 2021 at Fagradalsfjall, Iceland, one of which led to
an eruption, a third dike intrusion commenced on 30 July 2022. A sudden increase in …