Smoking is a major risk factor for a variety of diseases, including cancer and immune-
mediated inflammatory diseases. Tobacco smoke contains a mixture of chemicals, including …

Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles essential for cell metabolism, growth, and
function. It is becoming increasingly clear that endothelial cell dysfunction significantly …

Oxidatively generated damage to DNA has been implicated in the pathogenesis of a wide
variety of diseases. Increasingly, interest is also focusing upon the effects of damage to the …

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a heterogeneous and fatal disease of the lung vasculature,
where metabolic and mitochondrial dysfunction may drive pathogenesis. Similar to the …

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is clinically characterized by a progressive increase
in pulmonary artery pressure, followed by right ventricular hypertrophy and subsequently …

The nonenzymatic adduction of malondialdehyde (MDA) to the protein amino groups leads
to the formation of malondialdehyde-lysine (MDALys). The degree of unsaturation of …

Chronic inhalation of cigarette smoke is a prominent cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease (COPD) and provides an important source of exogenous oxidants. In addition …

As one of the most vital organelles within biological cells, mitochondria hold an
irreplaceable status and play crucial roles in various diseases. Research and therapies …

Under the exposure of lipids to reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation proceeds
non-enzymatically and generates an extremely heterogeneous mixture of reactive carbonyl …

Mitochondria have a plethora of functions within a eukaryotic cell, ranging from energy
production, cell signaling, and protein cofactor synthesis to various aspects of metabolism …