The hypersensitive defence response is found in all higher plants and is characterized by a
rapid cell death at the point of pathogen ingress. It is usually associated with pathogen …

Plant glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are ubiquitous and multifunctional enzymes
encoded by large gene families. A characteristic feature of GST genes is their high …

To counter pathogen invasion, plants have evolved a large number of immune receptors,
including membrane-resident pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and intracellular …

Glutathione and reactive oxygen species (ROS) play important roles, within different cell
compartments, in activating plant defense and the development of resistance. In …

Plant intracellular nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich repeat-containing receptors
(NLRs) activate a robust immune response upon detection of pathogen effectors. How NLRs …

Programmed cell death (PCD) is a process that plays a fundamental role in plant
development and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. Knowledge of plant PCD …

Net blotch, induced by the ascomycete Pyrenophora teres, has become among the most
important disease of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Easily recognizable by brown reticulated …

Tolerance is defined as an interaction in which viruses accumulate to some degree without
causing significant loss of vigor or fitness to their hosts. Tolerance can be described as a …

One of the earliest hallmarks of plant immune response is production of reactive oxygen
species (ROS) in different subcellular compartments, which regulate plant immunity. A …

Abstract BROWN PLANTHOPPER RESISTANCE14 (BPH14), the first planthopper
resistance gene isolated via map-based cloning in rice (Oryza sativa), encodes a coiled-coil …