Abstract Studies on Variant Surface Glycoproteins (VSGs) and antigenic variation in the
African trypanosome, Trypanosoma brucei, have yielded a remarkable range of novel and …

African trypanosomes are sustained in the bloodstream of their mammalian hosts by their
extreme capacity for antigenic variation. However, for life cycle progression, trypanosomes …

A main determinant of prolonged Trypanosoma brucei infection and transmission and
success of the parasite is the interplay between host acquired immunity and antigenic …

Trypanosoma brucei causes human African trypanosomiasis and regularly switches its
major surface antigen, VSG, thereby evading the host's immune response. VSGs are …

We have discovered a new mechanism of monoallelic gene expression that links antigenic
variation, cell cycle, and development in the model parasite Trypanosoma brucei. African …

Abstract TOR complex 1 (TORC1) is an evolutionarily-conserved protein kinase that controls
cell growth and metabolism in response to nutrients, particularly amino acids. In mammals …

Trypanosoma brucei is the causative agent of human slee** sickness. The parasites'
variant surface glycoprotein (VSG) enables them to evade adaptive immunity via antigenic …

The process of antigenic variation in parasitic African trypanosomes is a remarkable
mechanism for outwitting the immune system of the mammalian host, but it requires a …

Evasion of the acquired immune response in African trypanosomes is principally mediated
by antigenic variation, the sequential expression of distinct variant surface glycoproteins …

One of the most powerful drivers of evolutionary change is the process of adaptation and
counter‐adaptation by interacting species (1). The so‐called “arms race” between parasites …