After more than a century from its discovery, valproic acid (VPA) still represents one of the
most efficient antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). Pre and post-synaptic effects of VPA depend on a …

The mood stabilizers lithium and valproic acid (VPA) are traditionally used to treat bipolar
disorder (BD), a severe mental illness arising from complex interactions between genes and …

Histone deacetylases (HDACs) play a key role in homeostasis of protein acetylation in
histones and other proteins and in regulating fundamental cellular activities such as …

Cerebral palsy is caused by injury or developmental disturbances to the immature brain and
leads to substantial motor, cognitive, and learning deficits. In addition to developmental …

Over the past decade, it has become increasingly obvious that epigenetic mechanisms are
an integral part of a multitude of brain functions that range from the development of the …

Neural stem cell (NSC) transplantation has been investigated as a means to reconstitute the
damaged brain after stroke. In this study, however, we investigated the effect on acute …

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is the most lethal type of stroke, but there is no specific
treatment. After years of effort, neurologists have found that hematoma expansion (HE) is a …

Interest in histone deacetylase (HDAC)-based therapeutics as a potential treatment for
stroke has grown dramatically. The neuroprotection of HDAC inhibition may involve multiple …

Valproic acid (VPA, 2-propylpentanoic acid) has been widely used as an antiepileptic drug
and for the therapy of bipolar disorders for several years. Its mechanism of action was …

Background Traumatic brain injury (TBI) initiates a complex series of neurochemical and
signaling changes that lead to pathological events including neuronal hyperactivity …