In this chapter we will discuss the evolution of dust in protoplanetary disks, focusing on the
processes of grain growth and the observational consequences of this process. In the …

Our understanding of planet formation has been rapidly evolving in recent years. The
classical planet formation theory, developed when the only known planetary system was our …

Over the past decade, advancement of observational capabilities, specifically the Atacama
Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) and Spectro-Polarimetric High-contrast …

Circumstellar disks are thought to experience a rapid" transition" phase in their evolution that
can have a considerable impact on the formation and early development of planetary …

Rapid orbital drift of macroscopic dust particles is one of the major obstacles to planetesimal
formation in protoplanetary disks. We re-examine this problem by considering the porosity …

Context. The sticking of micron-sized dust particles caused by surface forces within
circumstellar disks is the first stage in the production of asteroids and planets. The key …

Context. The formation of planetesimals in protoplanetary disks is not well-understood.
Streaming instability is a promising mechanism to directly form planetesimals from pebble …

The growth of solid particles towards meter sizes in protoplanetary disks has to circumvent at
least two hurdles, namely the rapid loss of material due to radial drift and particle …

Transitional disks are objects whose inner disk regions have undergone substantial
clearing. The Spitzer Space Telescope produced detailed spectral energy distributions …

Solid particles with the composition of interstellar dust and power-law size distribution
dn/da∝ ap (for a≤ a max with a max≳ 3λ and 3< p< 4) will have submillimeter opacity …