Climate tip** elements are large-scale subsystems of the Earth that may transgress critical
thresholds (tip** points) under ongoing global warming, with substantial impacts on the …

Abstract The Little Ice Age (LIA), which lasted from about 1250 to 1860 AD, was likely the
coldest period of the last 8000 years. Using new documentary data and analyses of alpine …

A prolonged drought affected Western Europe and the Mediterranean region in 2022
producing large socio-ecological impacts. The role of anthropogenic climate change (ACC) …

Until recently, long‐range forecast systems showed only modest levels of skill in predicting
surface winter climate around the Atlantic Basin and associated fluctuations in the North …

There has been a recent surge of interest in remote sensing and its use in ecology and
conservation but this is the first book to focus explicitly on the NDVI (Normalised Difference …

Abstract The El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a major component of the Earth's
climate that largely influences global climate variability through long‐distance …

Abstract The winter North Atlantic Oscillation is the primary mode of atmospheric variability
in the North Atlantic region and has a profound influence on European and North American …

The Mediterranean region contains a diverse and interesting climate ranging from areas
with permanent glaciers to areas of subtropical, semiarid regions. The region is potentially …

This review of late-Holocene palaeoclimatology represents the results from a
PAGES/CLIVAR Intersection Panel meeting that took place in June 2006. The review is in …

El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is arguably the most important global climate pattern.
While the effects in the Pacific–North American sector and the tropical regions are relatively …