Adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE) is an innovative approach for the generation of evolved
microbial strains with desired characteristics, by implementing the rules of natural selection …

Yeast cells are often employed in industrial fermentation processes for their ability to
efficiently convert relatively high concentrations of sugars into ethanol and carbon dioxide …

Efforts to improve the production of a compound of interest in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
have mainly involved engineering or overexpression of cytoplasmic enzymes. We show that …

Biomass can be classified broadly as all the matter on the earth's surface of recent biological
origin. 1 Biomass includes plant materials such as trees, grasses, agricultural crops, algal …

The biorefinery manufacturing process for producing chemicals and liquid fuels from
biomass is a promising approach for securing energy and resources. To establish cost …

Microorganisms directly and indirectly contribute to production of diverse biofuels.
Heterotrophic microorganisms are being used for commercial production of biofuels such as …

Chemical synthesis is a well established route for producing many chemicals on a large
scale, but some drawbacks still exist in this process, such as unstable intermediates …

Numerous metabolic engineering strategies have allowed yeasts to efficiently assimilate
xylose, the second most abundant sugar component of lignocellulosic biomass. During the …

Replacement of conventional transportation fuels with biofuels will require production of
compounds that can cover the complete fuel spectrum, ranging from gasoline to kerosene …

Higher alcohols are attractive next generation biofuels that can be extracted from sugary,
starchy and ligno-cellulosic biomass feedstocks using sustainable pathways. Their viability …