Oceanic variability on interannual, interdecadal, and longer timescales plays a key role in
climate variability and climate change. Paleoclimatic records suggest major changes in the …

The north‐south heat transport is the prime manifestation of the ocean's role in global
climate, but understanding of its variability has been fragmentary owing to uncertainties in …

Advent of satellite altimetry brought into focus the pervasiveness of mesoscale eddies O
(100) km in size, which are the ocean's analogue of weather systems and are often regarded …

The GRACE satellite mission, scheduled for launch in 2001, is designed to map out the
Earth's gravity field to high accuracy every 2–4 weeks over a nominal lifetime of 5 years …

Objective analysis of altimetric data (sea level anomaly) usually assumes that measurement
errors are well represented by a white noise, though there are long-wavelength errors that …

The NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), the National Imagery and Map**
Agency (NIMA), and The Ohio State University (OSU) have collaborated to develop an …

Satellite observations of the last two decades have led to a major breakthrough emphasizing
the existence of a strongly energetic mesoscale turbulent eddy field in all the oceans. This …

A fifty-year eddy-resolving simulation of the world ocean has been performed on the Earth
Simulator for the first time. Several global aspects of the circulations and regional …

This paper presents some research developments in primitive equation ocean models which
could impact the ocean component of realistic global coupled climate models aimed at large …

Interocean exchange of heat and salt around South Africa is thought to be a key link in the
maintenance of the global overturning circulation of the ocean. It takes place at the Agulhas …