Abstract Despite islands contributing only 6.7% of land surface area, they harbor~ 20% of
the Earth's biodiversity, but unfortunately also~ 50% of the threatened species and 75% of …

The Carpathians are the largest mountain range in Central Europe. Their geographical
position, extent, isolation, landscape heterogeneity, well-preserved environment, and …

The cryosphere (including, snow, glaciers, permafrost, lake and river ice) is an integral
element of high mountain regions, which are home to roughly 10% of the global population …

Motivation More than half of Earth's species are contained in a mere 1.4% of its land area,
but the climates of many of these biodiversity hotspots are projected to disappear as a …

New Guinea is the world's largest tropical island and has fascinated naturalists for
centuries,. Home to some of the best-preserved ecosystems on the planet and to intact …

Conservation biology aims at identifying areas of rich biodiversity. Currently recognized
global biodiversity hotspots are spatially too coarse for conservation management and …

Aim To quantify the effect of Pleistocene climate fluctuations on habitat connectivity across
páramos in the Northern Andes. Location Northern Andes. Methods The unique páramos …

Hadal trenches are the deepest and most remote regions of the ocean. The 11-kilometer
deep Challenger Deep is the least explored due to the technical challenges of sampling …

Aims The 50th anniversary of the publication of the seminal book, The Theory of Island
Biogeography, by Robert H. MacArthur and Edward O. Wilson, is a timely moment to review …

Aim Alpine ecosystems differ in area, macroenvironment and biogeographical history across
the Earth, but the relationship between these factors and plant species richness is still …