Sensory photoreceptors underpin light-dependent adaptations of organismal physiology,
development, and behavior in nature. Adapted for optogenetics, sensory photoreceptors …

Photobiomodulation (PBM) describes the application of light at wavelengths ranging from
400–1100 nm to promote tissue healing, reduce inflammation and promote analgesia …

Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) is an important growth factor that plays essential
roles in regulating tissue development and homeostasis. Dysfunction of TGF-β signaling is a …

In tissue development and homeostasis, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signaling is
finely coordinated by latent forms and matrix sequestration. Optogenetics can offer precise …

Nerve growth factor/tropomyosin receptor kinase A (NGF/TrkA) signaling plays a key role in
neuronal development, function, survival, and growth. The pathway is implicated in …

Optogenetics has demonstrated great potential in the fields of tissue engineering and
regenerative medicine, from basic research to clinical applications. Spatiotemporal …

Cytokines control immune-related events and are critically involved in a plethora of
physiological and pathophysiological processes including autoimmunity and cancer …

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are members of the transforming growth factor β
(TGFβ) superfamily and have crucial roles during development; including mesodermal …

A crucial step in early embryogenesis is the establishment of spatial patterns of signaling
activity. Tools to perturb morphogen signals with high resolution in space and time can help …

Biological signals are sensed by their respective receptors and are transduced and
processed by a sophisticated intracellular signaling network leading to a signal-specific …